Pinus hartwegii Lindl. forest, structure and composition along of its elevational distribution in the Nevado de Toluca
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v13i74.1257Keywords:
altitude, diameter classes, canopy cover, tree compositionAbstract
Know mountain forest structure and composition allows understand the trees dasometric attributes and the ecosystem processes along vegetation gradients derived from elevation. We analyzed structure and composition of Pinus hartwegii forest along a 600 m gradient in the Nevado de Toluca. We established conglomerate of 1 hectare in each elevation, recording tree dasometric variables. The vertical and horizontal structure was evaluated with tree density (TD), basal area (BA), and structural parameters and indexes. Structural parameters and indices showed that P. hartwegii forest maintains its abundance and dominance along the altitudinal gradient, mainly from 3,700 to 4,000 m, where it forms monospecific forests. However, their contribution to tree structure forest decreased from 100% from 3,900 to 4,000 m, to 45% at 3,500 m. The dasometric parameters indicated higher TD in individuals of diameter classes of 5-15 cm was higher below 3,800 m, indicating that regeneration can be more limited at higher altitudes, due to irregular extraction of trees. We concluded that the structural composition of the P. hartwegii forest presents important changes and varies by elevation, which could be a result a result of environment-society interaction through land use management associated to the elevation, which compromise the structure and function of ecosystem. We recommended that altitude could be incorporated as a determining variable in management plans for high mountain forests.
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